American Journal of Transportation » A new U.S. report, using advanced analytic software, says waves and storm surges are gaining momentum from sea level rise and collectively pose a more immediate threat than was previously believed. The result could be serious damage to California coastal cities and ports by 2040. Elaine Forbes, executive director for the Port of San Francisco, said that rising sea levels are already threatening downtown San Francisco and Port property requiring the construction of a new sea wall. The projected cost: $5 billion.